SQL Syntax

Here is the syntax for the SQL SELECT statement that the SQL parser recognizes.

Considerations

• SQL syntax is case insensitive.
• Field and table names are case sensitive

Legend

• [ x ] - Optional (one or none)
• [, x ... ] - Optional additional values, in a comma-separated list
• x | y - Choose one. Curly braces are added when needed: { x | y } ...
• CAPITALIZED - SQL Keyword (case insensitive)
• italicized - Value you supply. (Table names and column names are case-sensitive)

SELECT Statement

In a select statement, you designate one more columns separated by commas (or "*" for all columns), plus a table or join to get the data from, and additional options:

SELECT

[ DISTINCT ]

[ ( ]  column_expr [ , column_expr ... ]  [ ) ]

FROM table_reference

[ WHERE query [ {AND|OR} query ... ] ]

[ GROUP BY group_by_clause  [HAVING query [{AND|OR} query ...]] ]

[ ORDER BY order_by_clause ]

[ LIMIT limit_clause ]

where:

DISTINCT

Eliminates duplicate rows from the result set.

For example: DISTINCT(customer_name, address)

HAVING

Is only allowed as part of GROUP BY, for performance reasons. (WHERE is vastly more efficient.)

Learn more:: MySQL Select Statement syntax

column_expr

*  |  table_alias.*  |  column_name [ [AS] column_alias ]  |  expr [AS] column_alias

where:

column_alias

Used for the column name in the result set, in the SQL Browser, or for the tag name in the REST sql resource.

Required when an expression is specified.

Can be used as a field name in a group_by_clause or order_by_clause.

For example:

SELECT CONCAT(last_name,', ',first_name) AS full_name

FROM Customer_Contacts ORDER BY full_name;

expr

SQL Function

   | stuff...

table_reference

...

where:

xxx

...

query

...

where:

xxx

...

group_by_clause

GROUP BY column_name [ASC | DESC]  [ , column_name [ASC | DESC] ... ]  [ WITH ROLLUP ]

where:

ASC

Ascending (the default).

DESC

Descending.

order_by_clause

ORDER BY column_name [ASC | DESC]  [ , column_name [ASC | DESC] ... ]

where:

ASC

Ascending (the default).

DESC

Descending.

limit_clause

maximum_rows  |  offset, maximum_rows

where:

maximum_rows

Maximum number of rows to return.

offset

The row to start from. Offset for the first row is zero (0).